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Article History

Received: 9 June 2025

Accepted: 5 April 2026

First Online: 13 April 2026

Declarations

:

: This study was conducted in compliance with the Helsinki Declaration. The study has received ethical approval from the NHG Domain Specific Review Board (DSRB Ref: 2019/00925). Inform consent was obtained from all participants before the start of data collection. Data obtained from survey was anonymised.

: All authors consent to the publication of this article.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: Robyn Hwee Teng Tan 4 , June Poh Hoon Teng 1 , Edward Tzu Kwang Tan 1 , Chui Rhong Chang 1 , Santhosh Kumar Seetharaman 5 , Amanda Choong 6 , Christopher Tsung Chien Lien 7 , Barbara Helen Rosario 7 , Shou Lin Low 7 , Arron Seng Hock Ang 8 , Daniel Teik Tjun Lim 9 , Milawaty Nurjono 10 , Lian Leng Low 11 , Su-Fee Lim 12 , Esther Li Ping Lim 13 , Laura Bee Gek Tay 14 , Melvin Peng Wei Chua 14 , Yee Sien Ng 15 4 Institute of Policy Studies, Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy, National University of Singapore, Singapore. 5 Healthy Ageing Program, Alexandra Hospital, Singapore. 6 Ambulatory Operations, Alexandra Hospital, Singapore. 7 Department of Geriatric Medicine, Changi General Hospital, Singapore. 8 Accident and Emergency Department, Changi General Hospital, Singapore. 9 Community Health, Changi General Hospital, Singapore. 10 Health Services Research, Changi General Hospital, Singapore. 11 Division of Population Health and Integrated Care, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore. 12 Nursing, SingHealth Community Hospitals, Singapore. 13 Allied Health Division, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore. 14 Department of General Medicine, Sengkang General Hospital, Singapore. 15 Rehabilitation Medicine, Sengkang General Hospital, Singapore.