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Article History

Received: 12 November 2025

Accepted: 6 April 2026

First Online: 3 June 2026

Declarations

:

: Since all elements of the study are a part of the differentiated service delivery model of care and is a part of the national guidelines the government of Andhra Pradesh considered this analysis as a routine program activity and did not require ethical approval. There were no identified risks beyond those involved in routine HIV care for participation in this study. This study was reviewed and approved by Science Integrity Branch of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and was conducted consistent with human subjects’ research protections applicable U.S. federal law and CDC policy (See e.g., 45 C.F.R. part 46, 21 C.F.R. part 56; 42 U.S.C. § 241(d); 5 U.S.C. § 552a; 44 U.S.C. § 3501 et seq). The analysis was conducted on humans and/or human data, or material are in compliance with the Helsinki Declaration.

: As routine program requirement consent was taken from PLHIV as the care provided is a standard of care under national program.

: Not Applicable.

: The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the funding agencies.

: The authors declare no competing interests.