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Article History

Received: 26 February 2026

Accepted: 4 May 2026

First Online: 7 May 2026

Declarations

:

: Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Institutional Review Board of the College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University (Ref. No. 029/24/SPH). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants after they were provided with detailed information about the study’s purpose, procedures, and potential risks and benefits. They were informed that the study posed no risks beyond the time spent participating in the interview and that the findings could contribute to improving the quality of health services. Participation was voluntary, and participants were informed of their right to withdraw or decline to answer any question at any time. All data were collected anonymously, and confidentiality was strictly maintained. The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki, the Ethiopian National Research Ethics Review Guideline, and relevant institutional and national regulations.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.