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Article History

Received: 14 November 2025

Accepted: 8 May 2026

First Online: 27 May 2026

Declarations

Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki (2013). Ethical approval was granted by the Thesis Proposal Approval Committee (2024), Department of Government and Politics, Jahangirnagar University, following evaluation of the research proposal on 4 December 2024. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to data collection. For participants aged 10 to below 18 years, parental or guardian consent was obtained in accordance with ethical requirements. Permission to conduct the study was also obtained from the hospital authorities. Participants were informed about the study’s purpose, procedures, and their right to withdraw at any time without consequences. Participation in the study was voluntary, and no incentives were provided. To ensure confidentiality, all collected data were anonymized and securely stored throughout the study, and the data were used solely for research purposes.

Consent for publication: Not applicable.

Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.