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Article History

Received: 7 February 2026

Accepted: 18 May 2026

First Online: 26 May 2026

Declarations

Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences (IR.BMSU.BAQ.REC.1404.091). The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Before commencing the interviews, the researcher explained the study’s objectives and procedures. Participants were informed about the voluntary nature of their participation, the confidentiality of their information, the anonymization of interview transcripts, the deletion of audio recordings upon completion of the research, and their right to withdraw from the study at any time. Subsequently, written informed consent was obtained from all participants to conduct and record the interviews.

Consent for publication: Not applicable.

Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.