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Authors
Maniscalco, Mauro
Ambrosino, Pasquale
Candia, Claudio
Di Sorbo, Antonio
Calabrese, Giovanna
Sirignano, Emanuela
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministero della Salute
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Article History
Received: 10 February 2026
Accepted: 18 May 2026
First Online: 29 May 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was conducted as an organizational survey involving healthcare professionals only. No patients were enrolled, and no identifiable personal data, biological material, or clinical records were collected. All survey responses were collected anonymously. Participation was voluntary, and informed consent was implied by completion of the anonymous questionnaire. According to Italian national regulations, formal ethical approval was not required for this type of study. The IRCCS Maugeri (Telese Terme Institute) operates under the jurisdiction of the Comitato Etico Territoriale (CET) Campania 1. The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and applicable data protection regulations, including EU Regulation 2016/679 (GDPR) and Legislative Decree No. 196/2003, as amended by Legislative Decree No. 101/2018.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
