Wijaya, Maria Cellina https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8549-7196
Yuen, Courtney M.
Gilbert, Hannah N.
Prasetyo, Budi
Nanwani, Sandeep
Nurfaizi, Alfian https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2869-6017
Good, Byron J.
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ronda Stryker and William Johnston MMSc Fellowship in Global Health Delivery, Harvard University
Article History
Received: 7 August 2024
Accepted: 19 May 2026
First Online: 27 May 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study received ethical approval from the Harvard Longwood Campus Institutional Review Board (IRB) on May 18, 2023 (Protocol #: IRB23-0193). The Harvard IRB determined that this study meets the criteria for exemption per the regulations found at 45 CFR 46.104(d) [ ]. Local ethical approval was obtained from the IRB of Faculty Medicine Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia (No. 72/EC/KEPK/FKUA/2023). The study protocol was also reviewed and approved by the Research and Development Division of the Department of Health, Jember, Indonesia, prior to the commencement of research activities. All participants provided informed consent before participating in the study.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.