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Authors
Yang, Jingyan
Rai, Kiran K.
Gowman, Hannah
Harrison, Cale
Gruben, David
Butfield, Rebecca
Reynard, Charlie
Hulme, Rosie
Jimenez, Isabel
Volkman, Hannah R.
Nguyen, Jennifer L.
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Article History
Received: 28 May 2025
Accepted: 27 May 2026
First Online: 2 June 2026
Declarations
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: Research using THIN® database in the UK is compliant with current regulations, including General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). Ethical approval for this project was granted by the UK Scientific Review Committee. THIN® is a European medical database network of electronic health records; no identifiable personal data was used in this study, and informed consent was not required. The present research was conducted in accordance with the Guidelines for Good Pharmacoepidemiology Practices (GPP) issued by the International Society for Pharmacoepidemiology (ISPE) and Good Practices for Outcomes Research issued by the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR).
: Not applicable.
: This study was sponsored by Pfizer. J. Y., C. H., D. G., R. B., C. R., H. R. V. and J. L. N. are employees of Pfizer and may hold stock or stock options. K. K. R., H. G., R. H. and I. J. are employees of Adelphi Real World, which received funding from Pfizer in connection with the development of this manuscript and study.
