Crossmark

Associations between transformational leadership, work engagement, and occupational well-being among Finnish paramedics in prehospital emergency medical services: a cross-sectional study

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-026-14994-1

Published Online: 2026-06-19

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Hirvikallio, Jenni

Haaranen, Ari

Kvist, Tarja
License Information

Text and Data Mining valid from 2026-06-19

Version of Record valid from 2026-08-31
More Information

Article History

Received: 20 April 2026

Accepted: 16 June 2026

First Online: 19 June 2026

Declarations

Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was granted by the Committee on Research Ethics of the University of Eastern Finland (Statement No 41/2025, 3 December 2025). The survey was distributed via professional social media groups with prior permission from the respective group administrators. Participation in the online survey was voluntary. Electronic informed consent was obtained from all participants before participation. Participants were informed of their right to withdraw at any time without providing a reason. All data were collected anonymously and handled confidentially in accordance with applicable data protection regulations.

Consent for publication: Not applicable.

Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

Document is current

Any future updates will be listed below