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Article History

Received: 12 January 2026

Accepted: 29 June 2026

First Online: 7 July 2026

Declarations

:

: This study involving human participants was conducted in strict accordance with the ethical principles set forth in the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Peking University International Hospital. To ensure that all participants were fully informed, the research team provided each one an information sheet and informed consent form, which detailed the purpose of the study, potential benefits, possible risks, and the conditions for withdrawal from the study. All participants took part in this study on a voluntary basis and signed the informed consent form. To prevent any potential adverse effects or consequences for the participants arising from their expressed views, all information collected during the study was anonymized and treated with strict confidentiality.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.