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Article History

Received: 6 November 2025

Accepted: 13 July 2026

First Online: 18 July 2026

Declarations

Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study was approved by the ethics committee of the Hospital Clínico de San Carlos (Madrid, Spain; code 23/499-E) and was conducted according to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Owing to the safeguarding of the confidentiality of personal data, this study involved minimal risk; furthermore, informed consent was impractical to obtain because it would have required a disproportionate amount of effort and resources relative to the research activities, so the requirement to obtain informed consent was waived.

Consent for publication: Not applicable.

Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.