Forse, Rachel https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0716-3342
Nguyen, Thanh Thi
Codlin, Andrew J.
Vo, Luan Nguyen Quang
Nguyen, Lan
Nguyen, Nga
Wiemers, Anja M. C.
Hoang, Lan Anh
Dao, Thang Phuoc
Minh, Ha Dang Thi
Nguyen, Lan Huu
Nguyen, Hoa Binh
Van Luong, Dinh
Nguyen, Nhung Viet
Caws, Maxine
Wingfield, Tom
Lönnroth, Knut
Sidney-Annerstedt, Kristi
Funding for this research was provided by:
Karolinska Institute
Article History
Received: 2 April 2024
Accepted: 24 July 2026
First Online: 30 July 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was conducted in strict adherence with the Declaration of Helsinki. The implementation of the work described in this study was approved by the Ho Chi Minh City People’s Committee (214/QDUBND, 2138/QD-UBND, 2878/QD-UBND). Ethical approvals were granted by the National Lung Hospital Institutional Review Board (114/19/CT-HĐKH-ĐĐ) in Ha Noi, Vietnam. Vietnam's National TB Program approved use of programmatic treatment data. We provided a written participant information sheet, a verbal explanation of the study and an opportunity to ask questions before enrollment. Following this engagement, all participants provided informed written consent. All data were anonymized prior to analysis.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: Twelve of the authors received salary support to implement the pilot and its evaluation from the funding body. However, the authors have declared that no competing interests exist.