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Authors
Adisa, Olanrewaju
Brown, Erin E.
Sakita, Francis M.
Temu, Gloria
Rugakingira, Anzibert
Lameck, Godfrey
Shayo, Frida M.
Mmbaga, Blandina T.
Thielman, Nathan M.
Bloomfield, Gerald S.
Bettger, Janet P.
Hertz, Julian T. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7396-4789
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institutes of Health (K23-HL155500)
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Article History
Received: 6 February 2025
Accepted: 19 August 2026
First Online: 17 September 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval: This study received ethical approval from the institutional review boards at Tanzania National Institute of Medical Research (NIMR/HQ/R.8/Vol IX/2436), Duke Health (Pro00090902), and KCMC (Proposal No. 893). All participants provided written informed consent prior to enrollment. This study was conducted according to the principles of the Helsinki Declaration.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
