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Mismatch between urban eco-sanitation improvement and health service supply capacity: evidence from Chinese city panel data and interpretable machine learning

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-026-15444-8

Published Online: 2026-08-25

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Peng, Zhen

Wang, Lin
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2026-08-25

Accepted Manuscript valid from 2026-08-25
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Article History

Received: 18 June 2026

Accepted: 19 August 2026

First Online: 25 August 2026

Declarations

Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki, where applicable. Ethics approval and informed consent to participate were not required because the study exclusively used aggregated, publicly available city-level statistical data and did not involve human participants, identifiable or individual-level human data, clinical records, human tissue, or biological samples.

Consent for publication: Not applicable.

Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

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