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Authors
Vergel, John https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8855-0327
Martínez-Montoya, Sabina
Casallas-Murillo, Ana-Lucía
Laverde-Robayo, Diana-Marcela
Torres-López, Luz-Angela
Parra-Beltrán, Leonardo
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
District Health Secretariat of Bogotá through Colombia's General System of Royalties and by the Universidad del Rosario (BPIN2016000100037)
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Article History
Received: 2 April 2026
Accepted: 4 September 2026
First Online: 19 September 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study involved human participants and received ethics approval from the Ethics Committee of the District Department of Health of Bogotá, Colombia (approval number 2016EE62783). All participants provided written informed consent prior to participation. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and all relevant Colombian regulations.
Consent for publication: Not applicable. This manuscript and its supplementary files do not contain any identifying individual details, images, photographs, or videos requiring consent for publication. Interview quotations are de-identified and reported using participant numbers and clinical setting only.
Generative AI and AI-assisted technologies in the manuscript preparation process: During manuscript revision, we used the AI tool Claude (Anthropic), a large language model (LLM), to support English language proofreading and manuscript formatting. The LLM had no role in study design, data collection, coding, theme development, data analysis, or interpretation. All authors reviewed and edited the AI-assisted text and take full responsibility for the final manuscript.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
