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Authors
Sani, Jamilu https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9089-5973
Adesina, Adewale Nuraen
Awoniyi, Anthonia
Otitoju, Oluwatobiloba
Ajibade, Theophilus Oluwatosin
Boboye, Israel
Bisiriyu, Luqman Adeleke
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Article History
Received: 26 February 2026
Accepted: 9 September 2026
First Online: 12 September 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study used publicly available secondary data from the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) program. The DHS surveys are conducted with approval from national ethical review boards and the ICF Institutional Review Board, and informed consent is obtained from all participants prior to data collection. No additional ethical approval was required for this study because the dataset is anonymized and publicly accessible.
Consent for Publicaiton: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
