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Authors
Pongrácz, Péter
Dobos, Petra
Prónik, Fruzsina
Vékony, Kata
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Nemzeti Kutatási Fejlesztési és Innovációs Hivatal (K143077, K143077, K143077)
Morris Animal Foundation (D25CA-039, D25CA-039)
Innovációs és Technológiai Minisztérium (EKÖP-24-2-I-ELTE-394)
Eötvös Loránd University
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Article History
Received: 12 February 2025
Accepted: 2 May 2025
First Online: 9 May 2025
Declarations
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: We conducted the research in accordance with the Hungarian regulations on animal experimentation and guidelines for use of animals in research, as outlined by the Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour (ASAB). This fully non-invasive experimentation methodology was reviewed and approved by the National Scientific Ethical Committee on Animal Experimentation (Certificate number PE/EA/1204–4/2021). Companion dogs were always tested in the presence of their owners. Tests were reward-based and fully non-invasive; however, we informed the owners that they could interrupt or stop the experiments any time they felt that their dog experienced high levels of stress. (This never happened.)
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
