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Authors
Chang, Liming
Zhu, Wei
Zhai, Runliang
Liu, Meiqing
Jiang, Anli
Zhang, Meihua
Wang, Bin
Jiang, Jianping
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2023M733438)
Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province of China (2024NSFSC1182)
Key Research Team Project of the Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (E3B1040001)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (32300350)
Important Research Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences (KJZG-EW-L13)
China Biodiversity Observation Networks (Sino BON or Sino BON–Amphibian & Reptile)
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Article History
Received: 24 June 2025
Accepted: 5 February 2026
First Online: 18 February 2026
Declarations
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: All the procedures applied for this study were approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of Animal Ethical and Welfare Committee of Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (permit: CIBDWLL2023012), and all the methods were carried out in accordance with the Code of Practice for the Care and Handling of animal guidelines. This study is reported in compliance with the ARRIVE guidelines. We have complied with all relevant ethical regulations for animal use.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
