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Article History

Received: 8 August 2019

Accepted: 13 January 2020

First Online: 17 February 2020

Ethics approval and consent to participate

: Ethical Committee approval was obtained from Oxford Tropical Research Ethics Committee (OxTREC) in the UK, and from all the local IRBs at each site for the original observational study. Further minimal risk applications were obtained for use of stored samples from OxTREC, and all other participating hospitals from which residual samples were selected. All patients signed an informed consent form in the original study, which included permission for future use of stored blood samples.

: Not applicable.

: SY receives consulting fees from Janssen pharmaceuticals for work on dengue antiviral development. All other authors declared that they have no competing interests. All authors have submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest.CH is staff of the World Health Organization. The authors alone are responsible for the views expressed in this article, and they do not necessarily represent the views, decisions, or policies of the institutions with which they are affiliated.