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Article History

Received: 8 October 2021

Accepted: 21 December 2021

First Online: 27 January 2022

Declarations

:

: Kilifi North and South: Kenya Medical Research Institute/Scientific and Ethics Review Unit (KEMRI SERU) IRB numbers 1433, 3057, 3149; Busia, Bungoma, Homa Bay, Kakamega, Kisumu, Kitale, Migori and Vihiga: KEMRI SERU IRB numbers 3459/3852 and MoH approval PPB/ECCT/19/06/03/2019(128); Siaya: KEMRI SERU IRB numbers 1801/2558; CDC Atlanta approvals 3308/6543; Rarieda: KEMRI SERU IRB numbers 932/1899 and CDC Atlanta approval 4566; Jinja, Tororo, Apac, Arua, Mubende, Kambuga and Kabale: surveillance included the collection of routine hospital data approved as public health surveillance/non-research by CDC (NCEZID #031416), and approved by the Director General of Health Services, Ministry of Health, Uganda; Handeni, Mkinga and Muheza: The study was approved by the ethics committees of the National Institute for Medical Research, Tanzania, and the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine; Bagamoyo: The study was approved by National Institute for Medical Research, Tanzania, Ethics Committee of the Swiss Tropical Institute and Ifakara Health Institute ethics committees.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.