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Article History

Received: 2 November 2022

Accepted: 6 February 2023

First Online: 8 March 2023

Declarations

:

: The PREDIMED-Plus study protocol and procedures were approved by the Research Ethics Committees from each of the participating centers, and the study was registered with the International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial registry (ISRCTN; ). All participants provided written informed consent.

: Not applicable.

: S.K.N. is a volunteer member of the not-for-profit group Plant-Based Canada and received an Early Career Researcher Award conference grant from Hydration for Health presented by Danone Global Research & Innovation Center. D.C. reported receiving grants from Instituto de Salud Carlos III. R.E. reported receiving grants from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Uriach Laboratories, and Grand-Fountain Laboratories for clinical trial and personal fees from Brewers of Europe, Fundación Cerveza y Salud; Instituto Cervantes in Albuquerque, Milano, and Tokyo; Fundación Bosch y Gimpera; non-financial support from Wine and Culinary International Forum, ERAB (Belgium), and Sociedad Española de Nutrición; and fees of educational conferences from Pernaud Richart (Mexico) and Fundación Dieta Mediterránea (Spain). R.C. reported receiving fees of educational conferences from Fundación para la investigación del Vino y la Nutrición (Spain). J.L.S. has received research support from the Canadian Foundation for Innovation, Ontario Research Fund, Province of Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation and Science, Canadian Institutes of health Research (CIHR), Diabetes Canada, American Society for Nutrition (ASN), International Nut and Dried Fruit Council (INC) Foundation, National Honey Board (US Department of Agriculture [USDA] honey “Checkoff” program), Institute for the Advancement of Food and Nutrition Sciences (IAFNS; formerly ILSI North America), Pulse Canada, Quaker Oats Center of Excellence, The United Soybean Board (USDA soy “Checkoff” program), The Tate and Lyle Nutritional Research Fund at the University of Toronto, The Glycemic Control and Cardiovascular Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Fund at the University of Toronto (a fund established by the Alberta Pulse Growers), The Plant Protein Fund at the University of Toronto (a fund which has received contributions from IFF), and The Nutrition Trialists Network Fund at the University of Toronto (a fund established by an inaugural donation from the Calorie Control Council). He has received food donations to support randomized controlled trials from the Almond Board of California, California Walnut Commission, Peanut Institute, Barilla, Unilever/Upfield, Unico/Primo, Loblaw Companies, Quaker, Kellogg Canada, WhiteWave Foods/Danone, Nutrartis, and Dairy Farmers of Canada. He has received travel support, speaker fees, and/or honoraria from ASN, Danone, Dairy Farmers of Canada, FoodMinds LLC, Nestlé, Abbott, General Mills, Nutrition Communications, International Food Information Council (IFIC), Calorie Control Council, International Sweeteners Association, and International Glutamate Technical Committee. He has or has had ad hoc consulting arrangements with Perkins Coie LLP, Tate & Lyle, Phynova, and Inquis Clinical Research. He is a former member of the European Fruit Juice Association Scientific Expert Panel and a former member of the Soy Nutrition Institute (SNI) Scientific Advisory Committee. He is on the Clinical Practice Guidelines Expert Committees of Diabetes Canada, European Association for the study of Diabetes (EASD), Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS), and Obesity Canada/Canadian Association of Bariatric Physicians and Surgeons. He serves or has served as an unpaid member of the Board of Trustees and an unpaid scientific advisor for the Carbohydrates Committee of IAFNS. He is a member of the International Carbohydrate Quality Consortium (ICQC), an Executive Board Member of the Diabetes and Nutrition Study Group (DNSG) of the EASD, and a Director of the Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials foundation. His spouse is an employee of AB InBev. J.S.-S. reported receiving research support from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia, the European Commission, and the USA National Institutes of Health; receiving consulting fees or travel expenses from Instituto Danone and Abbott Laboratories; receiving nonfinancial support from Patrimonio Comunal Olivarero, the Almond Board of California, and Pistachio Growers and Borges S.A; serving on the board of and receiving grant support through his institution from the International Nut and Dried Foundation and personal fees from Instituto Danone; and serving in the Board of Danone Institute International. The rest of the authors declared that they have no competing interests. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of the data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results.