McLaughlin, Joanna https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9921-4698
Kipping, Ruth https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5446-8077
Owen-Smith, Amanda https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1188-2371
McLeod, Hugh https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2266-7303
Hawley, Samuel https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7034-6168
Wilkinson, J. Mark https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5577-3674
Judge, Andrew https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3015-0432
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR 301469)
Article History
Received: 24 April 2023
Accepted: 10 May 2023
First Online: 13 June 2023
Declarations
:
: With support under Sect. 251 of the NHS Act 2006, the Ethics and Confidentiality Committee (ECC) (now the Health Research Authority Confidentiality Advisory Group) allows the NJR to collect patient data where consent is indicated as ‘not recorded’. Before Personal Data and Sensitive Personal Data are recorded, express written patient consent is provided. The NJR records patient consent as either ‘yes’, ‘no’ or ‘not recorded’.Transparency declaration: AJ is the manuscript’s guarantor and affirms that this manuscript is an honest, accurate and transparent account of the study being reported; that no important aspects of the study have been omitted; and that any discrepancies from the study as planned (and, if relevant, registered) have been explained.Copyright/licence for publication: The corresponding author has the right to grant on behalf of all authors and does grant on behalf of all authors a worldwide licence to the publishers and its licensees in perpetuity, in all forms, formats and media (whether known now or created in the future) to (i) publish, reproduce, distribute, display and store the contribution; (ii) translate the contribution into other languages, create adaptations and reprints, include within collections and create summaries, extracts and/or, abstracts of the contribution; (iii) create any other derivative work(s) based on the contribution; (iv) to exploit all subsidiary rights in the contribution; (v) the inclusion of electronic links from the contribution to third party material wherever it may be located; and (vi) licence any third party to do any or all of the above.
: Not applicable.
: All authors have completed the Unified Competing Interest form at and declare the following: AJ has received consultancy fees from Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer and has held advisory board positions (which involved receipt of fees) from Anthera Pharmaceuticals, Inc., outside the submitted work; no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work.