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Article History

Received: 24 July 2024

Accepted: 15 November 2024

First Online: 27 November 2024

Declarations

:

: Ethical approval was obtained (No. 2014/692/D) from the SingHealth Centralized Institutional Review Board, and written informed consent was obtained from all women. The S-PRESTO study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT 03531658).

: Not applicable.

: 'DW is supported by the Wellcome Trust (17068/Z/19/Z). DW is additionally supported by the Academy of Medical Sciences Professorship (APR7_1002) and the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/V029045/1). KMG is supported by the UK Medical Research Council (MC_UU_12011/4), the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR Senior Investigator (NF-SI-0515-10042) and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre (NIHR203319)) and Alzheimer’s Research UK (ARUK-PG2022A-008). K.M.G.  received reimbursement for speaking at conferences sponsored by companies selling nutritional products. S.C. has received reimbursement from the Expert Group on Inositol in Basic and Clinical Research (EGOI; a not-for-profit academic organisation) and Nestlé Nutrition Institute for speaking at conferences.  K.M.G., S.Y.C. and Y.S.C. are part of an academic consortium that has received research funding from Société Des Produits Nestlé S.A. and BenevolentAI Bio Ltd, and are co-inventors on patents filed on nutritional factors and metabolic risk outside the submitted work. All other authors declare that they have nothing to disclose.'