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Authors
Chen, Shanquan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4724-4892
Banks, Lena Morgon https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4585-1103
Carew, Mark T. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1377-2910
Kipchumba, Elijah https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4996-6802
Davey, Calum https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4283-3030
Sulaiman, Munshi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6061-933X
Kuper, Hannah https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8952-0023
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Kingdom Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office
Arts & Humanities Research Council (AH/X009580/1)
National Institute for Health and Care Research
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Article History
Received: 7 January 2025
Accepted: 24 April 2025
First Online: 30 April 2025
Declarations
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: The study received ethical approval from the Mildmay Uganda Research Ethics Committee (Reference: 0604–2020), the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Research Ethics Committee (References: 22619/RR/21198 and 28134), and the Uganda National Council for Science and Technology (UNCST) (Reference: SS529ES). All participants provided written informed consent prior to participation. Consent procedures were adapted to meet the communication needs of participants with disabilities, including the use of sign language and simplified information sheets when necessary. Participation was voluntary, and individuals could withdraw from the study at any time without consequence.
: All participants provided informed consent for participation in the study. For individuals with communication difficulties, consent procedures were adapted accordingly, such as using sign language interpreters. Participants were also informed that anonymized results would be published in peer-reviewed journals. Consent for publication of anonymized data was obtained from all participants included in the analysis.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
