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Authors
Cui, Ying https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8726-3799
Du, Huimin https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7508-9551
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Article History
Received: 11 March 2025
Accepted: 26 June 2025
First Online: 15 July 2025
Declarations
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: The NHANES protocols were approved by the Ethics Review Board of the National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Specifically, Protocol #2005–06 covered the 2005–2006 cycle and was continued through the 2007–2010 cycles, while Protocol #2011–17 covered the 2011–2012 cycle and was continued through the 2013–2014 cycle. (see: ). All participants provided written informed consent prior to the home interview and physical examination procedures.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
