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Authors
Zaidan, Maya
Lawson, Andrea S.
Andrejek, Nicole
Walsh, Kate
Dennis, Cindy-Lee
Meltzer-Brody, Samantha
Silver, Richard K.
Stuebe, Alison M.
Vigod, Simone N.
Singla, Daisy R.
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Article History
Received: 25 February 2025
Accepted: 10 July 2025
First Online: 20 August 2025
Declarations
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: The study received ethical approvals from the following three institutional review boards (IRB) for clinics in Chapel Hill, Chicago, and Toronto: University of North Carolina Biomedical IRB (19–1786); Endeavor Health IRB (EH18-129); and Clinical Trials Ontario (1895). No additional ethics approval or informed consent was required for this secondary analysis.
: Not applicable.
: S.M.-B. receives research funding to UNC for clinical trials sponsored by Sage Therapeutics, Electromedical Products International, and Sirtsei Pharmaceuticals for clinical trials. She serves as a clinical advisor and professional corporation owner for Modern Health, a digital health company. She also serves as a scientific advisor to EmbarkNeuro and Seaport Therapeutics. S.N.V. reports royalties from UptoDate Inc. for authorship of materials on depression and pregnancy.
