Tamm, Andres
Shine, Brian
James, Tim
Withers, Jaimie
Salih, Hizni
Noble, Theresa
VĂ¡rnai, Kinga A.
East, James E.
Abel, Gary
Hamilton, Willie
Rees, Colin
Morris, Eva J. A.
Davies, Jim
Nicholson, Brian D.
Funding for this research was provided by:
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/S02428X/1)
National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR133852)
Cancer Research UK (C23434/A23706, RCCPDF\100005)
NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre
Article History
Received: 18 March 2025
Accepted: 12 August 2025
First Online: 27 August 2025
Declarations
:
: Data use was approved by the OUH Information Governance Team, and the study was conducted as a service evaluation (under audit number 9076 in the OUH governance system).
: Not applicable.
: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure forms. BDN declares institutional research funding from NIHR, Cancer Research UK and GRAIL; consulting fees from the Multicancer Early Detection (MCED) consortium; and speaker fees from the Royal College of GPs. JEE declares personal payment from Exact Sciences.