Zhan, Yongle
Shi, Ruofan
Ruan, Xiaohao
Yao, Chi
Chun, Tsun Tsun Stacia
Liu, Jiacheng
Ali, Salida
Ma, Ruochen
Huang, Da
Huang, Jingyi
Lam, Adrian Chun Yin
Ng, Ada Tsui-Lin
Hu, Weiguo
Na, Rong
Funding for this research was provided by:
Health and Medical Research Fund (11221566)
Shenzhen-Hong Kong-Macau Science and Technology Program (SGDX20220530111403024)
Research Grant Council Research Impact Fund (R7007-22)
Seed Fund for Translational and Applied Research of University Research Committee (755202216)
Article History
Received: 18 April 2025
Accepted: 23 September 2025
First Online: 21 October 2025
Declarations
:
: The study used data from the public database UK Biobank (UKB) and the electronic health record database of Hong Kong Hospital Authority (EHR-HK), which was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the North West Centre for Research Ethics Committee (21/NW/0157) on 29/06/2021 for the UKB and the Institutional Review Board of the University of Hong Kong/Hospital Authority Hong Kong West Cluster (UW 24–101) on 16/02/2024 for the EHR-HK.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.