Du, Wei
Tang, Biqiu
Gao, Ziyang
Li, Xing
Liu, Naici
Tang, Xiangdong
Zhang, Qian
Lu, Peilin
Zhang, Wenjing
Lui, Su
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project No. 82471959, Project Nos. 82441007, 82120108014)
Sichuan Provincial Science and Technology Support Program (Project No. 2024NSFSC1794)
Institutional Research Fund from Sichuan University (Project No. 2023SCUH0064)
1.3.5 project for disciplines of excellence, West China Hospital, Sichuan University (Project No. ZYGD23003)
1.3.5 projects for Artificial Intelligence (Project No. ZYAI24010)
2025 Guiding Special Program of the Engineering Research Center of Medical Information Technology, Ministry of Education (Project No. SCU2025D010)
Article History
Received: 14 February 2025
Accepted: 9 October 2025
First Online: 4 November 2025
Declarations
:
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: Dr. Zhang consults to Clario. The remaining authors declare that they have no competing interests.