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Authors
Sun, Hao
Shen, Na
Chen, Zhilu
Shi, Jiabo
Sheng, Junling
Yan, Rui
Zou, Haowen
Wang, Ting
Tian, Shui
Wang, Yiwen
Hua, Linging
Xue, Li
Wang, Xiaoqin
Yao, Zhijian
Lu, Qing
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
General Project of Nanjing Science and Technology Development Plan (YKK23136)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82301718, 82401788, 82101573, 82271568, 82151315)
Jiangsu Provincial Natural Science Youth Fund (BK20230154, BK20241120)
Jiangsu Medical Innovation Center for Mental Illness (CXZX202226)
Jiangsu Province Science and Technology Plan Project (BE2023667)
Key Project of Science and Technology Innovation for Social Development in Suzhou (2022SS04)
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Article History
Received: 29 March 2025
Accepted: 21 October 2025
First Online: 21 November 2025
Declarations
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: The study adhered to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital at Nanjing Medical University (2011KY027). All participants were thoroughly informed about the research procedures and provided written informed consent prior to participation. For patients with depressive episodes, a professional psychiatrist assessed their capacity to understand the research content and its potential risks, ensuring they were able to make an informed decision to consent. For minors, consent was obtained not only from the minors themselves but also from their parents or legal guardians, who also signed the written informed consent forms. All participants were informed that they could withdraw from the study at any time without any negative consequences.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
