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Authors
Penha, Ricardo Cortez Cardoso
Onwuka, Justina Ucheojor
Langdon, Ryan
Sandanger, Torkjel M.
Nøst, Therese Haugdahl
Vineis, Paolo
Johansson, Mikael
Milne, Roger L.
Dugué, Pierre-Antoine
Relton, Caroline
Suderman, Matthew
McKay, James
Johansson, Mattias
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Cancer Research UK programme grant (the Integrative Cancer Epidemiology Programme, C18281/A29019)
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Article History
Received: 4 July 2025
Accepted: 20 November 2025
First Online: 17 December 2025
Declarations
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: The matched case-controls studies involved human participants, and they were approved by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Ethics Committee (IEC) (No. 11–13). All research participants provided written, informed consent. Participants gave informed consent to participate in the study before taking part.
: All authors have agreed to the submission and publication of this research.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
