Zhou, Peilin
Wang, Wenqiang
You, Yi
Zhou, Nian
Zhang, Taifeng
Yang, Jiangtao
Chen, Xiang
Tang, Linghui
Gan, Meng
Xu, Wei
Wu, Wengao
Liu, Boyang
Liu, Huiyan
Zou, Xiaochong
Liu, Yongzhen
Peng, Xiao
Wei, Lu
Chen, Xingyu
Yang, Feng
Zhu, Yueyue
Feng, Ruibin
Yu, Xiaoping
Ye, Junliang
Wu, Ronghan
Chen, Yu
Lan, Lan
Chen, Jiajun
Ding, Yi
Nie, Xinyu
Lu, Bingfeng
Zeng, Naxin
Hua, Qikai
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82260448)
Guangxi Natural Science Foundation (2023JJD140126)
Clinical research climbing plan of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University (YYZS2020010)
Article History
Received: 6 August 2025
Accepted: 11 December 2025
First Online: 28 December 2025
Declarations
:
: All animal experiments were conducted in strict accordance with the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (8th edition, National Research Council, 2011) and the ARRIVE guidelines for reporting animal research. Rretrospective clinical study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki (2013 revision) and Good Clinical Practice guidelines. The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Review Boards of all participating institutions: The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University (approval number: 2024-E626-01), Yueyang Central Hospital (approval number: 2024–030), Qinzhou Second People's Hospital (approval number: 2025527).
: Given the retrospective nature of this study, the requirement for written informed consent was waived by the Institutional Ethics Review Boards. This waiver was granted as the study involved the analysis of existing medical records with no direct patient contact, and all data were de-identified to protect patient privacy. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
: There are no financial conflicts of interest to declare. The authors disclose that a portion of clinical data from Yueyang Central Hospital was previously published as a pilot study (Gan M, et al. J Orthop Surg 2024). This study represents a significant expansion with new data and different research objectives.