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Authors
Katz, Sonja
Suijker, Jaco
Skrede, Steinar
Meij-de Vries, Annebeth
Pijpe, Anouk
Norrby-Teglund, Anna
Medina, Laura M. Palma
Damås, Jan K.
Hyldegaard, Ole
Solligård, Erik
Svensson, Mattias
,
Nekludov, Michael
Karlsson, Ylva
Arnell, Per
Afzal, Muhammad
Bergsten, Helena
Bosnak, Lydia
Chakrakodi, Bavya
Chen, Puran
Emgård, Johanna
Johansson, Linda
Juarez, Julius
Shambat, Srikanth Mairpady
Siemens, Nikola
Snäll, Johanna
Uhlman, Julia
Wajima, Takeaki
Madsen, Martin B.
Bidstrup, Daniel
Bærnthsen, Nina F.
Clausen, Julie V.
Damgaard, Anna
Frendø, Gladis H.
Forchammer, Martin
Hansen, Marco
Hedetoft, Morten F. F.
Hilsted, Karen L.
Isaksen, Diana
Jansen, Erik C.
Kofoed, Josefine
Lilja, Anette
Madsen, Lærke B.
Müller, Rasmus
Nielsen, Isabel S.
Pedersen, Emilie M. J.
Petersen, Marie W.
Perner, Anders
Polzik, Peter V.
Ravn, Frederikke
Lind, Folke
Kjellberg, Anders
von Oelreich, Erik
Kronlund, Peter
Kullberg, Sverre
Friman, Ola
Hellgren, Lisa
Granström, Anna
Schenning, Anna
Carlsson, Sandra
Bruun, Trond
Nedrebø, Torbjørn
Oppegaard, Oddvar
Rath, Eivind
Søvik, Marianne
Søyland, Hanne
Benoni, Dag
Lycke, Hans
Trogen, Joakim
Ohlauson, Kerstin
Pieper, Dietmar H.
Chhatwal, Singh
Itzek, Andreas
Babbar, Anshu
Thänert, Robert
Hoßmann, Jörn
Medina, Eva
Hamisch, Domenica
Barrantes, Israel
Nitsche-Schmitz, Patric
Dröge, Astrid
Mummenbrauer, Katja
Vandenesh, Francois
Bastien, Sylvere
Baude, Jessica
Tristan, Anne
Lindfors, Erno
Bergey, Francois
Reschreiter, Christoph
Ronacher, Bernhard
Pilecky, Matthias
Ruppin, Eytan
Oberhardt, Matthew
Zarecky, Raphy
Kotb, Malak
Chellakrishnan, Karthickeyan
Mukundan, Santhosh
Nokala, Suba
Marsden, Doreen
Strålin, Kristoffer
van Zuijlen, P. P. M.
Anteghini, Marco
Mosevoll, Knut Anders
dos Santos, Vitor A. P. Martins
Saccenti, Edoardo
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Research Council of Norway
Sepsisfonden
Swedish Governmental Agency for Innovation Systems
Swedish Research Council
Innovation Fund Denmark
Ellabfonden of Denmark
DLR Federal Ministry of Education and Research
European Commission
ZonMw
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Article History
Received: 9 May 2025
Accepted: 18 December 2025
First Online: 10 January 2026
Declarations
:
: The INFECT study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the regional Ethical Review Board at the Karolinska Institutet in Stockholm, Sweden (Ethics Permits: 2012/2110–31/2), the National Committee on Health Research Ethics in Copenhagen, Denmark (Ethics permits: 1151739), the regional Ethical Review Board in Gothenburg, Sweden (Ethics permits: 930–12) and Bergen, Norway (2012/2227/REC West). All experiments were performed in accordance with the approved ethics applications specified above. All patients provided written informed consent. The INFECT study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01790698).
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
