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Authors
Howell, A.
Thilaganathan, B.
Margelyte, R.
Burden, C.
Cheng, V.
Sandall, J.
Viner, M.
Brigante, L.
Anumba, D.
Winter, C.
Harlev-Lam, B.
Draycott, T.
Judge, A.
Lenguerrand, E.
,
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Tommy's Baby Charity
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Article History
Received: 23 September 2025
Accepted: 18 December 2025
First Online: 22 January 2026
Declarations
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: This study was conducted using routinely collected, de-identified maternity data. Approval to access and use the data was granted by NHS Digital through the Data Access Request Service (DARS) (reference DARS-NIC-430380-F7L4Z-v1.2). As the study involved secondary analysis of anonymised data, individual consent was not required.RCOG Disclaimer: “Within this document [paper] we use the terms woman and women’s health. However, it is important to acknowledge that it is not only women for whom it is necessary to access women’s health and reproductive services in order to maintain their gynaecological health and reproductive wellbeing. Gynaecological and obstetric services and delivery of care must therefore be appropriate, inclusive and sensitive to the needs of those individuals whose gender identity does not align with the sex they were assigned at birth”.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
