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Authors
Wang, Ming
Xu, Yixiang
Huang, Runqi
Sun, Yunjun
Zhang, Lingli
Zhou, Wei
Zhang, Qingli
Luo, Qiang
Du, Wenchong
Ren, Tai
Li, Fei
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82430104, 82125032, 81930095, 82204048)
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Article History
Received: 13 April 2025
Accepted: 22 January 2026
First Online: 2 February 2026
Declarations
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: In the ABCD study, all procedures were approved by a central Institutional Review Board (IRB) at the University of California, San Diego (IRB Approval No. 160091), and in some cases by individual site IRBs (e.g., Washington University in St. Louis) ( ). Parents or guardians provided written informed consent after the procedures had been fully explained and children assented before participation in the study.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
