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Authors
Zhao, Yan-Ci
Wang, Min
Wu, Shuzhen
Bao, Yuanyuan
Wu, Zeyan
Jin, Shengze
Cao, Yang
Zhu, Yanyan
Pan, Junhan
Huang, Huizhen
Liu, Shuhan
Chen, Wuyue
Ji, Wenbin
Mai, Xiaoli
Chen, Feng
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (12090025)
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Article History
Received: 14 September 2025
Accepted: 11 February 2026
First Online: 18 February 2026
Declarations
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: Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Boards of all participating centers: Center 1 (Approval No. 2025[B]0523), Center 2 (Approval No. 2024–267-01), and Center 3 (Approval No. KL20240409). The requirement for written informed consent was waived due to the retrospective design and anonymization of patient data. All study procedures were conducted in compliance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
