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Article History

Received: 14 September 2025

Accepted: 18 February 2026

First Online: 3 March 2026

Declarations

:

: The TOGETHER study protocol received ethical approval (Ref: 17-ES-0104) from the Joint Research Compliance Office and the Imperial College Research Ethics Committee (Imperial College London, UK). Participation by general practices required Research and Development (R&D) approval from the respective NHS Trusts. The study adhered to the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Consent to release patient-level data was sought directly from participating GPs. Upon receiving consent to participate in research, patient-level data were extracted directly from the central EMIS data warehouse.

: All authors have reviewed and approved the final version of the manuscript and consent to its publication.

: F. Barkas has received research grants from Amgen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Novo Nordisk and honoraria from Menarini Hellas, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi and Viatris. A.J. Vallejo‐Vaz reports past or current participation in research grants to Imperial College London from Pfizer, Amgen, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Sanofi, Daiichi Sankyo, and Regeneron, outside the submitted work; personal fees for consulting from Bayer and Regeneron outside the submitted work; and acknowledges support from the Programme “Beatriz Galindo” from the Ministry of Universities, Spain, and University of Seville, Spain. C.A.T Stevens reports grants from Pfizer, Amgen, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novartis, Sanofi, Daiichi Sankyo, and Regeneron, during the conduct of the study. K. Ray reports research grants from Amgen, Amarin, Sanofi, Daiichi-Sankyo, and Ultragenyx to Imperial College London; consultant fees from Novartis, Daiichi-Sankyo, Kowa, Esperion, Novo Nordisk, MSD, Eli Lilly, Silence Therapeutics, AstraZeneca, NewAmsterdam Pharma, Bayer, Beren Therapeutics, Cleerly, EmendoBio, Scribe, Nodthera, Crispr, Vaxxinity, and Sanofi; lecture fees from Novartis, Boehringer Ingelheim, AstraZeneca, Novo Nordisk, Viatris, Amarin, Sanofi, Amgen, Esperion, Daiichi-Sankyo, Dr. Reddys, and Mankind; fees from Macleod Pharma for symposia at international meetings; stock options in NewAmsterdam Pharma, Scribe Therapeutics, and Pemi31; and serving as past EAS President (unpaid). All other authors declare that they have no competing interests. Funding: The TOGETHER study was supported through investigator-initiated research grants to the Imperial College London from Regeneron Pharmaceuticals and Sanofi.