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Authors
Aiton, Elisabeth
McBride, Nancy S.
Clayton, Gemma L.
Gonçalves Soares, Ana
Bond, Tom A.
Yang, Qian
Chatzigeorgiou, Charikleia
West, Jane
Faber, Benjamin G.
Birchenall, Katherine
Burden, Christy
Magnus, Maria C.
Lawlor, Deborah A.
Borges, Maria Carolina
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Medical Research Council (MC_UU_00032/5)
Wellcome Trust (228276/Z/23/Z)
HORIZON EUROPE European Research Council
UK Research and Innovation (10112787 (Beta Technology), 10099041 (University of Bristol) and 10109957 (Imperial College London))
National Major Science and Technology Projects of China (2024ZD0531500, 2024ZD0531502, 2024ZD0531504)
Norges Forskningsråd (Centers of Excellence funding scheme; project No 262700)
British Heart Foundation (CH/F/20/90003)
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Article History
Received: 12 November 2025
Accepted: 10 March 2026
First Online: 19 March 2026
Declarations
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: For all included studies, written informed consent was obtained from participants and approval was obtained from relevant ethics committees. Details on ethical approval for individual studies are provided in Additional file 2: Supplementary methods.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
