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Authors
Chu, Shuilian
Zhang, Di
Li, Jiachen
Feng, Lin
Tong, Zhaohui
Liang, Lirong
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Beijing Key Specialists in Major Epidemic Prevention and Control
Capital’s Funds for Health Improvement and Research (CFH 2024-1G-1062)
Financial Budgeting Project of Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine (ysbz2022002)
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Article History
Received: 22 September 2025
Accepted: 17 March 2026
First Online: 21 March 2026
Declarations
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: Ethical approval for this study, including a waiver of written informed consent, was granted by the Institutional Review Board of Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University (Approval #2020-Ke-545, December 30, 2020). The most recent continuing review was completed in August 4, 2025 (Approval #2020-Ke-545-4, Protocol Version 1.6). Electronic consent was obtained from all participants without an e-signature. Compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki was ensured throughout the study.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
