Sheringham, Jessica
Wong, Geoff
Spence, Tommer
Stirrup, Oliver
Tostevin, Anna
Howarth, Alison
Copas, Andrew
Crundwell, David
Jackson, Louise
Mercer, Catherine H.
Mohammed, Hamish
Apea, Vanessa
Day, Sara
Ross, Jonathan D. C.
Sullivan, Ann
Tittle, Vicky
Winter, Andrew
Dewsnap, Claire
Gibbs, Jo
Burns, Fiona
Funding for this research was provided by:
NIHR Population Health Career Scientist Fellowship (NIHR303616)
NIHR Health and Social Care Delivery Research Programme (NIHR129157)
NIHR Health and Social Care Delivery Research Programme (NIHR129157)
Article History
Received: 2 December 2025
Accepted: 30 April 2026
First Online: 18 May 2026
Declarations
:
: Ethics approval for the ASSIST study was provided by South Central - Berkshire Research Ethics Committee (ref: 21/SC/0223), including to access unconsented de-identified routinely captured data from datasets collected as part of patients’ standard health care. For the qualitative studies, all participants provided written informed consent.
: Not applicable.
: JG is an honorary consultant at an organisation within CSA2 and on the editorial board for the Sexually Transmitted Infections journal; SD is employed at an organisation within CSA2; VA is employed at an organisation within CSA2, has received speakers fees and is a medical director of Preventx; JDCR is a consultant at an organisation in CSA1, a member of the European Sexually Transmitted Infections Guidelines Editorial Board, an NIHR Journals Editor, treasurer for the International Union against Sexually Transmitted Infections and chair of charity trustees for the Sexually Transmitted Infections Research Foundation; AS is employed at an organisation within CSA2; AW is a member of European Sexually Transmitted Guidelines Editorial Board; CD is employed at an organisation within CSA3; FB has received speakers fees and an institutional grant from Gilead Sciences Ltd. All other authors declare that they have no known competing interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.