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Authors
Yao, Tsung-Chieh https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5457-1402
Hsu, Yu-Lung
Huang, Jing-Long
Chang, Yen-Chen
Chang, Sheng-Mao
Pan, Jen-Jung https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5347-3387
Hong, Xiumei
Wang, Jiu-Yao
Tsai, Hui-Ju https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5338-6117
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Science and Technology Council (112-2314-B-182-030-MY3; NSTC 114-2321-B-182-005)
National Science and Technology Council (111-2314-B-400-040-MY3)
Chang Gung Medical Foundation (OMRPG3Q0031)
National Health Research Institutes (PH-114-PP-08)
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Article History
Received: 5 November 2025
Accepted: 20 May 2026
First Online: 2 June 2026
Declarations
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: The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan (EC1091002-E), and informed consent was waived because all data were encrypted.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
