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Authors
Abbadi, Ahmad https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9373-668X
Innocenti, Francesco https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3717-267X
Beridze, Giorgi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2615-226X
Kokoroskos, Emmanouil https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4250-2294
Zucchelli, Alberto https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5992-8506
Nordström, Tobias https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4915-7546
Wachtler, Caroline https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1317-7732
Fratiglioni, Laura https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6374-6614
Vetrano, Davide L. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3099-4830
Calderón-Larrañaga, Amaia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9064-9222
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Karolinska Institute
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Article History
Received: 9 January 2026
Accepted: 15 June 2026
First Online: 9 July 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: All SNAC-K waves have been approved by the Local Ethics Committee at Karolinska Institutet (KI) and the Regional Ethical Review Board in Stockholm (Reference numbers: KI 01-114, 04-929/3, Ö26-2007, 2009/595-32, 2010/447-31/2, 2013/828-31/3, and 2016/730-31/1). Participants provided written informed consent prior to study participation; for those with cognitive impairment, consent was provided by a next of kin. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.
