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Authors
Liang, Xinxiu
Zhu, Lu
Li, Jun
Li, Yanping
Ivey, Kerry L.
Lee, Kyu Ha
Eliassen, A Heather
Chan, Andrew T.
Huttenhower, Curtis
Zhang, Cuilin
Hu, Frank B.
Qi, Qibin
Hu, Yang
Rimm, Eric B.
Sun, Qi
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institutes of Health (UM1 CA186107)
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL060712)
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (DK126698)
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL035464)
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (DK126698)
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK129670)
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK119268)
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK129670)
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (ES036206)
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (ES036206)
National Cancer Institute (U01CA152904)
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (DK120870)
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Article History
Received: 3 December 2025
Accepted: 17 June 2026
First Online: 22 June 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study protocol was approved by the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Institutional Review Board, with informed consent obtained from all participants. Patients and the public were not involved in the design, conduct, reporting, or dissemination of this research.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
