Tsang, Jung Yin
Planner, Claire
Low, Chloe-Nicole
Stewart, Stuart
Morris, Charlotte
Wong, Brandon
Delitheos, Spyridon Marios
Kulangara, George
Yu, Lap Kan Derek
Babu, Ashwanth Bosswell Suresh
Ajabnoor, Alyaa
Ashcroft, Darren M
Panagioti, Maria
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR204295)
National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR204295)
National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR204295)
National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR204295)
National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR204295)
Kidney Research UK (AHP_001_202207405)
Wellcome Trust (WT6473650)
Article History
Received: 3 February 2026
Accepted: 30 June 2026
First Online: 3 August 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: Not applicable.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Artificial intelligence (AI) use statement: Generative AI (ChatGPT 4.0) was used solely to assist with wording, grammar, and language refinement. All intellectual content, analysis, and conclusions were conceived, developed, and approved by the authors.
Competing interests: DMA reports research funding from Abbvie, Almirall, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Novartis, UCB, and the Leo Foundation outside the submitted work. The other authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.