Bond, Caitlin
Batte, Anthony
Afolayan, Folake
Anstey, Nicholas M.
Bassat, Quique
Bejon, Philip A.
Berkley, James A.
Evans, Rhys D. R.
Goldstein, Stuart L.
Hawkes, Michael T.
Ibrahim, Olayinka
Imani, Peace
John, Chandy C.
Kain, Kevin C.
Liepmann, Claire
Marsh, Kevin
Namazzi, Ruth
Nakuya, Margaret
O’Brien, Nicole
Oluwadare, Lere P
Opoka, Robert O.
Sserunkuuma, Jonathan
Wynkoop, Hunter
Conroy, Andrea L.
,
Funding for this research was provided by:
Fogarty International Center (K43TW012586)
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01 AI165946)
Article History
Received: 13 November 2025
Accepted: 15 July 2026
First Online: 21 July 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: Each contributing study received approval from the appropriate institutional or national research ethics committee. Written informed consent was obtained from parents or legal guardians where required by the approving ethics committee. Ethics committee names and approval or protocol numbers, where available, are provided in Additional File . De-identified individual participant data were provided for this meta-analysis.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.