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Authors
Nurina, Amalia
Puspaningrum, Evelyn
Tandy, Gertrudis
Pattilima, Debsy
Hegar, Badriul
Wangge, Grace https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5416-273X
Hamers, Raph L. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5007-7896
Elyazar, Iqbal RF https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3115-5059
Surendra, Henry https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6029-0623
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Article History
Received: 22 April 2026
Accepted: 17 July 2026
First Online: 21 July 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Health Research Ethics Committee of the National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health of Indonesia (LB.02.01/2/KE.486/2021). The requirement for patient consent was waived as this was a secondary analysis of aggregated routine programme data with no personal identifiers.
Consent for publication: Not applicable. This study was a secondary analysis of aggregated routine program data with no personal identifiers.
Competing interests: HS is a member of BMC Medicine Editorial Board. All other authors declare no competing interest.
