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Article History

Received: 25 January 2018

Accepted: 10 June 2018

First Online: 18 June 2018

Ethics approval and consent to participate

: No experimentation on animals was carried and no data on human was used during this study. All farmers participated voluntarily to the study as part of the routine surveillance of poultry disease in Egypt that is made at the farmers request when they experience abnormal mortality. Inclusion criteria included evidence of the AIV H5N1 and the informed oral consent of the farm manager to provide the required data. All tests and procedures complied with general guidelines of poultry disease surveillance and were approved by the Local Ethic Commission of the Animal health and welfare of Damanhour University with respect to care of animals under study and all efforts were made to minimize suffering.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare that (1) MG is a member of the editorial board of BMC Veterinary Research; (2) they have no other competing interests.

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