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Authors
Luczo, Jasmina M.
Prosser, Diann J.
Pantin-Jackwood, Mary J.
Berlin, Alicia M.
Spackman, Erica http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4935-2360
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Agricultural Research Service (6040-32000-66-00D)
USDA-APHIS (60-6040-00-5)
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Article History
Received: 14 April 2020
Accepted: 17 September 2020
First Online: 23 September 2020
Ethics approval and consent to participate
: All animal research was reviewed and approved by the U.S. National Poultry Research Center Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. Scoter captivity and transport to Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory was approved by the U.S. Geological Survey Patuxent Wildlife Research Center Animal Care and Use Committee. Animal studies adhered to the Federation of Animal Science Societies Guide for the Care and Use of Agricultural Animals in Research and Training. Institutional review board review does not apply because the ducks are owned by the US government and approval by the IACUC is considered consent to use the ducks. Humane euthanasia of birds was performed according to American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) guidelines: intravenous injection of 0.2 mL per Kg of pentobarbiotal sodium solution (Fatal-Plus, Vortech Pharmaceuticals, Dearborn, MI) without sedation. This method was utilized because it was the AVMA recommended method which was reviewed and approved by the USNPRC IACUC.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
