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Article History

Received: 1 June 2022

Accepted: 10 November 2022

First Online: 21 November 2022

Declarations

:

: All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations, and are reported in accordance with the ARRIVE guidelines. The protocol for collection of tissue samples from dogs with urinary tract disease and healthy dogs (animal use protocol) was independently reviewed and approved by the Regional Veterinary Council of the Free State of Saxony, Leipzig/Chemnitz, SN, Germany (TVA# 23/18), and written informed consent was obtained from the owners of all dogs that were prospectively enrolled into the study. For surplus specimens and medical records data of dogs that were retrospectively included in the study, written informed owner consent to the use of surplus samples and patient data had been obtained on the small animal clinic’s patient admission form at the time of the diagnostic investigation.

: Not applicable.

: No conflicts of interest have been declared.