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Article History

Received: 16 November 2023

Accepted: 8 March 2024

First Online: 1 April 2024

Declarations

:

: Due to obtaining the consent of the animal owners and their presence, as well as respecting the patient’s rights and humane principles during sampling, the need for ethics approval by the ethics committee of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of the University of Tehran, Iran, was waived. Verbal informed consent was obtained from all owners to collect samples from the dogs. The ethics committee approved verbal informed consent. The researchers dated and signed the consent form indicating that “I have read and explained this consent form to the participant before receiving the participant’s consent, and the participant had knowledge of its contents and understood it.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.